Individual Behavioral Characteristics
Behavioral characteristics displayed by Jason can be linked throughout the DSM- V individual criterion of Posttraumatic Stress complaint (PTSD), Reactive Attachment complaint (RAD), and Attention- deficiency Hyperactivity complaint (ADHD). Each of these diseases has a specific set of criteria that must be met for Jason to be diagnosed. The possibility of comorbidity within Jason’s behavioral characteristics, or the chance of Jason enjoying a combination of some or all mentioned diseases, must be considered as well.
The individual criterion for PTSD includes exposure to factual/ threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence, through direct passing or witnessing the event, learning it passed to a loved one, or passing repeated/ extreme exposure to aversive details of the event presence of one or further of the following protrusive symptoms recreating/ distressing recollections or dreams of the event, dissociative responses in which the person feels acts as if the event is recreating, violent cerebral torture at exposure to internal/ external cues of the event, and pronounced physiological responses to internal/ external cues that remind of the event patient avoidance of stimulants associated with the event that includes sweats to avoid recollections/ studies or external monuments negative differences in cognitions and mood beginning or worsening after the event, similar as the incapability to flash back important corridor of the event, exaggerated negative beliefs prospects about oneself, distorted cognition about the cause/ consequence of the event, negative emotional state, and incapability to witness positive feelings differences in reactivity associated that begins or worsens after the event, similar as perversity, recklessness, hypervigilance, exaggerated startled responses, issues with attention, and sleep disturbance; and( F) duration of former criteria is further than one month( APA, 2013).
BHS 450 Topic 2 Diagnostic Behavioral Characteristics
Jason witnessed, in the least, the after calculation of the traumatic event, has distressing dreams of the event, displays a negative patient state of wrathfulness, shows a detachment from others, displays incapability to experience positive feelings, shows perversity, is reckless, has difficulty concentrating, and displays difficulty sleeping. The individual criterion for RAD includes harmonious patterns of inhibited geste towards caregivers through minimally seeking comfort or responding to comfort patient social and emotional disturbances characterized by at least two of the following minimum social and emotional responsiveness, limited positive affect, and occurrences of unexplained perversity, sadness, or anxiety the child has endured a pattern of extreme, inadequate care as substantiation by social/ emotional neglect, repeated changes in primary caregivers that limit the capability to form stable attachments, and/ or living in unusual settings that oppressively limit the openings for forming picky attachments; and( D) criteria C is assumed to be responsible for criteria A( APA, 2013).
Jason displays actions that fit the criteria and, with further information, could conceivably fit the criteria. Jason has a limited positive effect, with the utmost of his actions being described as perverse and angry. He also endured a pattern of neglect and possible abuse throughout his nonage, which suggests that he persistently demanded introductory emotional and social needs anticipated to be filled by caregivers. Within the previous two times, Jason has been in foster care and has endured four changes in caregivers, which has limited his capability to form stable attachments.
BHS 450 Topic 2 Diagnostic Behavioral Characteristics
Dimensional Approach
Colorful studies of children and adolescents actions and emotional problems support the identity of two broad groupings of problems materializing and internalizing actions (Wilmshurst, 2015). Although actions are linked as belonging to one of the two broad groupings, children can demonstrate comorbidity with materializing and internalizing actions.
Dimensional vs Categorical
Dimensional bracket views geste in terms of a continuum, while a categorial bracket views them as each- or- nothing. Through the dimensional bracket, maladaptive actions are conceptualized as symptom clusters, patterns, or runs (Wilmshurst, 2015). The dimensional bracket frequently utilizes standing scales. The most common standing scale is the Achenbach System of Empirically Grounded Assessment( ASEBA), which includes a series of scales for parents, preceptors, and youth between the periods of eleven to eighteen( Wilmshurst).
Continuum
The continuum, or degree, of a complaint, is grounded on the clusters or patterns of symptoms. For Jason’s age range, there are specifications in PTSD for dissociative symptoms through depersonalization or derealization and if the opinion is with delayed expression (APA, 2013). To diagnose dissociative symptoms, further information is needed to suggest that Jason’s response to the event has led to patient or intermittent gests of feeling detached from him or reality. The delayed expression can be diagnosed or ruled out, however.
BHS 450 Topic 2 Diagnostic Behavioral Characteristics
To diagnose Jason with PTSD with delayed expression, it would need to be noted that his full individual criteria were not met until six months after the event (APA, 2013). For RAD, there are specifications for if the complaint is patient and if it’s severe. For RAD to be patient, it must be present for further than twelve months, and for it to be severe, all symptoms must be displayed and manifest in high situations (APA, 2013). With the current information, Jason doesn’t meet the criteria for severe RAD due to no knowledge (yet) of the situations of his actions. Jason does meet the qualifications of patient RAD, seeing as he has presented symptoms of the criteria for further than twelve months.
Cultural Considerations
Furnishing care to Jason requires deep study into the artistic complications. Due to his exposure to violence, neglect, and the traumatic event of his parents, care and artistic considerations are needed. Two factors of applying culturally competent care for Jason are to admire autonomy and consider beneficence and non-male faience. Furnishing Jason with involvement in their own care through furnishing information, choices, and some form of control will help to make on the lack of tone- regard caused by the negative outgrowth of his assiduity versus inferiority stage. Seeking to give care that avoids further emotional torture and protects Jason against developing ongoing PTSD and RAD responses will help him to reduce these symptoms and grow to his eventuality.
References
American Psychiatric Association. ( 2013). Individual and statistical primer of internal diseases 5th ed.). Arlington, VA Author Wilmshurst, L. 2015. rudiments of Childhood and Adolescent Psychopathology. recaptured from
http//www.gcumedia.com/digital-resources/wiley/2014/essentials-of-child-and adolescent-psychopathology_ebook_2e.php
